4 Types of Vaccines for Adults

As with immunization in children, immunization in adults also aims to prevent disease transmission.
But many people do not realize the importance of vaccination.

Although not a mandatory program like vaccines in children, adults also need to actually immunized.
With vaccination, the body will be protected up to 80 percent.
"Although they may be suffering from the disease, but the disease progression is not as bad as people who have not been vaccinated," said Dr.Iris Rengganis, Adult Immunization Task Force members Sp.PD Medicine Specialist Association of Indonesia.

In general there are four types of vaccines that should be adults (aged over 18 years).

1. Hepatitis A Vaccine 

Hepatitis A is caused by a virus that attacks the liver and spread through oral contact and clean environment.
Hepatitis A vaccine helps the body produce antibodies to survive the onslaught of the disease.

Injections made 2 times the distance of 6 months in the body endurance vaccine about 20 years.
"For those who work in the food industry are advised to use special gloves, so as not to transmit or spread of hepatitis A in the consumer," said Iris.

2. Hepatitis B Vaccine

This disease is similar to hepatitis A.
However, the disease is transmitted through blood transfusions, sexual relations, and the use of personal items together.
This disease can also be transmitted from pregnant women to the fetus.
In fetuses born to mothers with hepatitis B, the vaccine will be injected in the body so that antibodies can be quickly formed.
The vaccine is given three times the distance of 1 and 6 months.

"Although it has been injected as a child it never hurts to repeat, because the vaccine resistance around 20 years," said Iris.

3. Pneumonia Vaccine

Pneumonia or pneumococcal disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria that fester in the nose and throat.
This disease attacks the lower respiratory tract and spread through coughing, sneezing, and when talking.
More susceptible to pneumonia attack in people aged over 60 years or those with a low immune system.

There are several types of vaccines with different bacterial serotypes.
According to Iris both equally well.
Vaccine should be repeated every 5 years.

4. Influenza Vaccine

To 94 percent of influenza deaths in over 45 years of age.
Dominated the early symptoms of the disease cough, fever, and muscle aches.
"Do not underestimate this disease. Ferocity we've seen how in China," said Iris.

The vaccine is given once a year.
Because it is always different disease-causing strains, the vaccine is given every year is different according to the WHO guidance on the most infecting strains.

Several other types of vaccines that can also be taken is the HPV vaccine to prevent cervical cancer.
The vaccine is recommended for girls who are not married.
Also available is a meningitis vaccine, typhoid, tetanus, and many more.

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Marijuana, Diabetes Drugs of the Future?

Scientists continue to explore the ability of cannabis, aka marijuana plants in treatment.
New study says, marijuana contains components that can help control blood sugar.

Cannabis also has a strong association with body weight.
In addition to increasing appetite, cannabis could actually help a person to stay slim.

Three recent studies indicate the risk for obesity marijuana users is smaller, other than that they also have a lower risk of diabetes and body mass index values ​​are smaller.
The third benefit is obtained even though the marijuana users drink more calories.

How does that happen?
One reason is because marijuana users have a better carbohydrate metabolism.

"Their fasting insulin levels were also lower, and they also have a lower risk of insulin resistance (a condition that triggers diabetes) due to their body's ability to maintain normal blood sugar levels," said Murray Mittleman, of Harvard Medical School researchers.

Research conducted Mittleman it includes 4,600 men and women who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2005-2010.

Of these respondents, 48 ​​percent had smoked marijuana at least once in their lives, and 12 percent are still sucking up now.

The researchers controlled for other risk factors that affect the risk of diabetes such as age, gender, akohol use, smoking habits, and physical activity.

Although the risk factors taken into account, the marijuana users until now have fasting insulin levels 16 percent lower than those who had never smoked or had not smoked again.
The marijuana users also get a decrease in insulin resistance levels of around 17 percent.

Fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance levels are also closely associated with the occurrence of type two diabetes and obesity.

The marijuana users also turned out to have higher levels of good cholesterol, which can protect the body from heart disease.
In general, they also have a smaller waist circumference.

Researchers do not yet fully understand the connection because this research is not case-control studies.
Also not known whether marijuana or other lifestyle factors that of the respondents who cause they got a number of health benefits.

One of the allegations is the influence of marijuana at specific receptors in the brain related to appetite and metabolism.

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7 Ways to Maintain Ideal Weight

The phrase "reach easier than maintaining" may apply to the affairs of weight loss.
If people have a target to reach a certain weight, they tend to be eager to achieve it.
But when it reach it, sometimes they even forget myself so the weight back skyrocket.

Well, in order to avoid weight gain after successfully lowered, we need some way.
Here are 7 ways that can help maintain the ideal weight has been achieved.

1. Plan ahead

Keeping weight also need a good meal plan, even when it comes to the party.
Yummy food was plentiful at the party may be able to attract interest, but remember that weight loss has been achieved.
The solution, do not go to the party with an empty stomach.
Eat little and do not linger on the food table.

2. Give awards

Small award is important to keep yourself motivated after achieving the target.
But instead of giving rewards such as food, better give new clothes in smaller size or body treatment.
Reward yourself instead of having to drain your wallet anyway, a hot bath, watch TV, or the streets also have a form of respect.

3. Keep food fresh and fun

During weight loss, may be saturated with the type of food eaten.
To make eating it fresh and fun, then try to be more creative in creating a variety of healthy foods.
Combination with a healthy diet another country of origin could also be an option.

4. Do not forget about healthy habits

Healthy habits that have been built during the weight loss program should still be done even though it was successful.
For example, a healthy breakfast or exercise.

5. Just three bite

Serving delicious food, especially diicip as never before, is inviting taste.
But if the food is high in calories, so try it with just three bites and stop eating.

6. Monitor food

Record diasup food every day.
So, when the weight gain it back, you can easily find out what food is to blame and should be avoided.

7. Increase exercise intensity

Studies show people who successfully maintain weight is one who is able to keep exercising in the middle of busy. In order not to get bored, try a new aerobics class or a new sport.

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