The decision was based on a genetic test done, and the other options available to women at risk of breast cancer.
Decisions cut both her breasts when she did not have cancer has drawn attention to preventive surgery.
Angelina Jolie says the death of his mother, actress Marcheline Bertrand, to cancer in 2007 at the age of 56 years, also plays a role in the decision to undergo a double mastectomy.
Jolie says that her children wondered if he too would die of cancer.
According to him, the genetic tests showed she had a 87 percent chance of breast cancer and 50 percent for cervical cancer.
The doctors found that certain genetic mutation can increase the possibility of getting breast and uterine cancer.
Two major genes associated with breast and cervical cancer are BRCA1 and BRCA2 derived.
One study found that if a woman has a BRCA-related cancer earlier in his life, then his daughter will get cancer even earlier than in real him, if he inherited gene mutations.
Women with BRCA-related breast cancer has a survival rate similar to other cancer patients at the same stage. But Dr. Marc Boisvert of MedStar Washington Hospital say there is a significant difference.
"The problem is these cancers often occur in women younger and younger women tend to have more aggressive cancers, and they did not suspect him," said Boisvert.
The women in the 20s and 30s are not likely to get breast cancer screening.
Those most likely to have the most BRCA mutations is of European Jewish descent.
But "you can still have it if you are black, white, Hispanic, Chinese descent, Asian, or any tribe," said Boisvert.
National Cancer Institute recommend genetic testing if close relatives had breast or uterine cancer.
But do not have a BRCA1 or 2 mutation does not mean freedom from cancer.
And have an inherited gene does not mean that you will definitely get the disease.
But genetic experts can come up with a percentage, in terms Jolie is 87 percent for breast cancer.
Genetic testing costs alone can reach thousands of dollars.
Preventive surgery can reduce the possibility of a less than 5 percent, but according to Boisvert was not the only option.
"I think the important educational role here because your mind at ease investagate that you are being watched carefully and find out how much the numbers, and how the possibility of recurrence of it," said Boisvert.
Boisvert said that ultimately, the patient needs to feel comfortable with the treatment, whether it's prudent oversight or operation.
In an article published in the New York Times on Tuesday (14/5), Angelina Jolie says she decided to perform the procedure after knowing that he was carrying a gene that increases the risk of developing breast cancer and cervical cancer.
Jolie says some surgical procedures performed starting in February and ending in late April, lowering the risk of cancer from 87 percent to 5 percent.
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